This is an extremely broad category that runs the gamut from quite benign to extremely risky. The permit obligation may be as simple as ensuring scaffolding is properly erected so as to protect the public, or comply with the statutory requirements of being a notary public. On the other hand, you can also find bonds in this category that guarantee the payment of taxes, or union benefits. Clearly a heightened level of risk.
Probate bonds emanate from matters involving the liquidation of a deceased person’s estate, or the long term care of an “incompetent person” whether they be mentally or physically impaired, or a very young person. Court bonds result from litigation proceedings and are usually imposed by the Court to guarantee the payment of expenses, damages and/or judgments.
The financial backing of a transaction using the balance sheet of an insurance company is rare, and subject to stringent rules and oversight by the various state departments of insurance. There are very few surety companies willing to consider such bonds, but if they do it must be in a special purpose entity where the risk is isolated.